Identification of Factors Affecting the Incidence of Wounds in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56359/igj.v5i3.1230Keywords:
Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic Ulcers, Peripheral NeuropathyAbstract
Background & Objective: Wounds in patients with diabetes mellitus are a chronic complication that contributes to high rates of amputation, hospitalization, and a reduced quality of life, particularly in patients with a long duration of the disease and peripheral neuropathy. This study aims to identify factors that influence the occurrence of wounds in patients with diabetes mellitus based on the patients’ experiences.
Method: This study used a qualitative design with a descriptive approach. The study population consisted of patients with diabetes mellitus who had wounds on their lower extremities. The sample comprised three women aged 56–60 years who had had diabetes mellitus for 6–10 years and had peripheral neuropathy; they were selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews using an interview guide as the research instrument. The data were presented in narrative form and analyzed using content analysis to identify key themes related to the factors contributing to wound occurrence.
Result: The study findings indicate that the duration of diabetes mellitus and the presence of peripheral neuropathy are dominant factors influencing the occurrence of wounds, as the loss of protective sensation causes minor injuries to go unnoticed until they develop into hard-to-heal ulcers. In addition, the lack of routine foot examinations and low understanding of foot care also increase the risk of complications.
Conclusion: The occurrence of wounds in patients with diabetes mellitus is the result of an interaction between clinical factors and patients’ preventive behaviors. Glycemic control, periodic neuropathy screening, and foot care education are important strategies in prevention efforts to reduce the risk of wounds and amputations.
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