Correction and Retraction Policy

INDOGENIUS JOURNAL is committed to maintaining the accuracy, reliability, transparency, and integrity of the scholarly record. The journal recognizes that errors, inaccuracies, or ethical concerns may be identified after publication and that appropriate corrective actions are essential to preserving confidence in scientific literature. The journal follows the principles and recommendations of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) when evaluating and addressing concerns relating to published articles. Corrections, retractions, expressions of concern, and other post-publication notices are intended to maintain the integrity of the scientific record rather than punish authors. All decisions will be based on available evidence, the significance of the identified concerns, and their implications for the reliability of published research.

Types of Post-Publication Amendments

INDOGENIUS  Journal recognizes several forms of post-publication amendments, depending on the nature and severity of the issues identified. Correction (Erratum or Corrigendum): Issued when an article contains an identifiable error that requires correction but does not fundamentally invalidate its findings or conclusions.

Retraction: Issued when an article contains unreliable findings, serious ethical violations, or other substantial problems that make its continued presentation as reliable scientific evidence inappropriate.

Expression of Concern: Published when serious questions arise regarding an article's integrity or reliability but available evidence is inconclusive or an investigation remains unresolved.

Editorial Notice: Issued when additional clarification is necessary to inform readers about significant matters affecting a published article.

The appropriate action will be determined through editorial assessment, taking into account the seriousness of the concern and its potential impact on scientific interpretation.

Corrections to Published Articles

Corrections may be issued when errors are identified in published articles that do not substantially undermine the overall validity of the research. Examples of errors that may warrant correction include:

1. Incorrect author names, affiliations, or bibliographic information.

2. Errors in tables, figures, captions, or supplementary materials.

3. Typographical or formatting errors that materially affect scientific interpretation.

4. Inaccuracies in statistical values or calculations that do not invalidate the principal findings.

5. Missing or incorrect acknowledgments, funding information, or conflict of interest declarations.

6. Other factual errors requiring clarification to ensure accurate scientific reporting.

The editorial team will evaluate correction requests and determine whether the proposed amendments are justified. When a correction is approved, the journal will publish an appropriate notice identifying the original article and explaining the nature of the correction. Corrections should be linked to the original publication whenever technically feasible to ensure that readers can identify the updated information.

Retraction of Published Articles

Retraction may be considered when substantial evidence indicates that a published article is unreliable or involves serious violations of research or publication ethics. Circumstances that may justify retraction include:

1. Fabrication or falsification of research data or findings.

2. Major methodological or analytical errors that invalidate the principal conclusions.

3. Plagiarism or substantial unauthorized reproduction of previously published work.

4. Redundant or duplicate publication without appropriate disclosure or justification.

5. Serious ethical violations involving research participants or research procedures.

6. Manipulation of images, datasets, or research results that compromises scientific reliability.

7. Compromised or manipulated peer-review processes.

8. Other significant circumstances that undermine the credibility or validity of the published research.

Retraction may be initiated by the authors, editorial team, publisher, research institutions, or other parties presenting credible evidence. The journal will assess each case individually and determine whether retraction is necessary to protect the integrity of the scholarly record.

Retraction Procedures

When a potential reason for retraction is identified, the Editor-in-Chief or an authorized editorial representative will initiate an assessment of the concern. The process may include:

1. Reviewing the published article and relevant supporting evidence.

2. Contacting the corresponding author and, where appropriate, other co-authors for clarification.

3. Requesting original research data, ethical approval documentation, or other relevant materials.

4. Consulting independent experts or relevant research institutions when necessary.

5. Evaluating the reliability of the findings and the seriousness of any ethical concerns.

6. Determining the appropriate editorial action based on the available evidence.

7. Authors will ordinarily be given an opportunity to respond before a final decision is made.

However, the journal may proceed with appropriate corrective action when the available evidence sufficiently establishes that the publication record requires correction, even if authors do not respond or disagree with the decision.

Retraction Notices

When an article is retracted, Genius Journal will publish a formal retraction notice that clearly identifies the affected publication. The notice should include:

1. The title and bibliographic details of the retracted article.

2. A clear statement indicating that the article has been retracted.

3. The reasons for retraction, described accurately and objectively.

4. The individual or body responsible for initiating or issuing the retraction.

5. Relevant information concerning the authors' agreement or disagreement, where appropriate.

6. A link to the original article and its DOI, where available.

Retraction notices should be freely accessible and clearly linked to the original publication. Retracted articles should ordinarily remain available in the journal's electronic archive with a prominent indication of their retracted status. Removal of the full text should be considered only in exceptional circumstances involving legal requirements, privacy violations, serious risks to individuals, or other compelling reasons.

Expressions of Concern

An Expression of Concern may be issued when credible questions arise about the integrity or reliability of a published article but sufficient evidence is not yet available to determine whether correction or retraction is warranted. Such circumstances may include an ongoing institutional investigation, conflicting evidence, unresolved concerns regarding research data, or other significant uncertainties. An Expression of Concern is intended to inform readers of unresolved issues without prematurely concluding that misconduct has occurred. The journal will reassess the notice when additional information becomes available and may subsequently issue a correction, retraction, or other appropriate editorial statement.

Author-Initiated Corrections and Retractions

Authors who identify significant errors or ethical concerns in their published work are expected to notify the editorial office promptly. Requests for correction or retraction should be submitted in writing and include a clear explanation of the issue, relevant supporting evidence, and the proposed action. The corresponding author should communicate with the co-authors when appropriate and provide accurate information concerning the circumstances requiring amendment. The journal will evaluate author-initiated requests using the same principles applied to concerns raised by editors, reviewers, institutions, or readers. Authors' willingness to correct the scholarly record will be considered positively, but the final editorial decision will remain the responsibility of the journal.

Institutional Investigations and Cooperation

When concerns involve possible research misconduct, Genius Journal may communicate with relevant research institutions, ethics committees, or other competent authorities. The journal recognizes that formal investigations into research misconduct are generally conducted by the institutions or bodies responsible for overseeing the research. However, the journal retains responsibility for determining whether published articles require correction, retraction, or other editorial action. Institutional findings may inform editorial decisions, but the journal may act independently when sufficient evidence demonstrates that the reliability of a published article is compromised.

Authorship and Publication Metadata Corrections

Requests to correct authorship information, author order, affiliations, or other publication metadata will be evaluated carefully. Changes to authorship after publication generally require a clear explanation and appropriate confirmation from the authors concerned. Where authorship disputes cannot be resolved through editorial assessment, the journal may request institutional clarification. Corrections to bibliographic metadata should be implemented transparently to preserve the accuracy and traceability of the publication record. Where applicable, updated information should be reflected in the journal's electronic publishing system and relevant metadata registration services.

Confidentiality and Fair Assessment

All correction and retraction concerns will be handled fairly, objectively, and with appropriate confidentiality during the assessment process. Authors and other affected parties will be provided reasonable opportunities to explain their positions and submit relevant evidence. Editorial personnel with conflicts of interest must not participate in decisions concerning the affected article. The journal will distinguish between honest error, legitimate scientific disagreement, and deliberate research misconduct. The seriousness of an error and its effect on the reliability of published findings will guide the selection of appropriate corrective action.

Transparency and Preservation of the Scholarly Record

INDOGENIUS Journal is committed to maintaining a transparent and accessible publication record. Corrections, expressions of concern, and retraction notices should be published as identifiable scholarly records and linked to the affected articles whenever possible. The journal will seek to ensure that relevant notices remain permanently accessible through its electronic archive. Where technically supported, article metadata should be updated to reflect the publication's corrected or retracted status. The original publication history should remain traceable so that readers, researchers, and indexing services can accurately identify the status of the article.

Appeals and Reconsideration

Authors who disagree with a correction or retraction decision may submit a written appeal to the editorial office. Appeals should identify the contested decision and provide substantive reasons or additional evidence supporting reconsideration. The appeal will be evaluated by an appropriate editorial representative or independent authority without a relevant conflict of interest. The journal may uphold, modify, or reverse its decision when justified by the evidence. An appeal does not automatically suspend necessary actions to protect the scientific record.

Commitment to Publication Integrity

INDOGENIUS Journal recognizes that maintaining the reliability of scientific literature requires a transparent and responsible approach to correcting published information. The journal is committed to addressing publication errors and ethical concerns promptly, fairly, and proportionately while respecting the rights of authors and other affected parties. Through the implementation of this policy, Genius Journal seeks to preserve the accuracy, credibility, and long-term value of scholarly publications in nursing and healthcare sciences