Case Study: Application of the Active Cycle of Breathing Technique (ACBT) to Address Ineffective Airway Clearance in Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis at Jakarta Cempaka Putih Islamic Hospital
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56359/igj.v5i3.1114Keywords:
Active Breathing Cycle Technique, Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Airway Clearance, BCSSAbstract
Background & Objective: Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious lung disease characterized by increased sputum production and impaired airway clearance, leading to dyspnea and decreased respiratory function. Effective non-pharmacological nursing interventions are needed to improve airway clearance. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Active Cycle of Breathing Technique (ACBT) in improving airway clearance in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Method: This study used a descriptive case study design with a pre–post test approach involving three pulmonary TB patients treated in an inpatient ward. Nursing care was conducted for 3×24 hours, including assessment, nursing diagnosis, planning, implementation of ACBT, and evaluation. Data were collected through observation, measurement using the Breathlessness, Cough, and Sputum Scale (BCSS), and oxygen saturation (SpO₂) using a pulse oximeter before and after intervention. Result: The results showed improvement in respiratory status, indicated by decreased dyspnea, more effective cough, reduced sputum retention, and decreased BCSS scores in all patients. Oxygen saturation also increased after intervention. Conclusion: ACBT is an effective non-pharmacological nursing intervention to improve airway clearance and respiratory status in pulmonary TB patients and can be applied as part of independent nursing care in clinical settings.
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