Genius Journal

Correlation Between Spirituality Levels and Anxiety Among First-Year Students in Health Science Programs

Rodiana Elvina, Dwi Rahmah Fitriani, Ni Wayan Wiwin Astiningsih — Sat, 21 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Students have various academic demands that must be completed, especially often students must complete within a specified period of time. Anxiety can occur because of many things that need to be solved immediately caused by stressors. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between spiritual level and anxiety in new students in the health study program of the University of Muhammadiyah East Kalimantan.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between spiritual level and anxiety in new students in the health study program of the University of Muhammadiyah East Kalimantan.

Research Method: This study was quantitative with a cross-sectional design, sampling technique using random sampling technique and a research sample size of 271 respondents. The research instruments used the Daily Spiritual Experience Scale (DSES) and Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) questionnaires, while the statistical test used the Rank Spearman test.

Results: The study showed that most of the new students were in the category of high spiritual level, which was 160 respondents (59.0%), while the level of anxiety of students was mostly in the normal category, which was 123 respondents (45.4%). The results of the statistical test showed a correlation coefficient value of -0.429 and a p-value of 0.000 < 0,05.

Conclusion: So it means that there is a relationship between spiritual level and anxiety in new students in the health study program of the University of Muhammadiyah East Kalimantan. With the strength of moderate correlation and the direction of negative relationships, which means that the higher the level of spirituality, the lower the anxiety experienced by students.

Correlation Between Spirituality Levels and Self-Esteem Among First-Year Students in Health Science Programs

Dwi Rahmah Fitriani, Indah Permata Sari, Milkhatun — Sat, 21 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Spirituality is one of the important aspects in human life that can affect various psychological aspects, including self-esteem. New students often face adaptation challenges that can affect their self-esteem. Understanding the relationship between the level of spirituality and self-esteem is important to support student well-being, especially in the Health Study Program of the University of Muhammadiyah East Kalimantan.

Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between the level of spirituality and self-esteem of new students in the Health Study Program, Muhammadiyah University of East Kalimantan.

Research Method: This study used a cross-sectional design. Measurement of spirituality levels was carried out using the Daily Spiritual Experience Scale (DSES) which has been adapted into Indonesian, while self-esteem was measured using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). The research sample of 271 new students was selected using the stratified random sampling technique. Data were analyzed using the Spearman test to determine the relationship between the two variables.

Results: The results of the study showed that out of 271 respondents, high spirituality levels were found in 59% of respondents, moderate in 40.2%, and low in 0.7%. Meanwhile, high self-esteem was found in 60.5% of respondents, moderate in 39.1%, and low in 0.4%. Statistical tests showed a p value = 0.000 (<0.05), which means there is a significant relationship between spirituality levels and self-esteem. The Spearman correlation value of 0.878 indicates a positive relationship with a very strong correlation strength.

Conclusion: There is a significant positive relationship between the level of spirituality and self-esteem of new students in the Health Study Program, Muhammadiyah University of East Kalimantan. This result indicates that increasing spirituality can contribute to increasing students' self-esteem.

Association Between Immunization Status and Complete Nutrition Provision with Wasting Incidence in Toddlers

Desilia Sidong Liwu, Fatma Zulaikha, Ni Wayan Wiwin Asthiningsih — Sat, 21 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction : Wasting is a condition of acute malnutrition in toddlers, where body weight is below normal standards (z-score -3 SD to < -2 SD). This condition can occur due to lack of nutrition and incomplete immunization.

Objective : This study aims to determine the relationship between immunization status and provision of complementary foods to the incidence of wasting in toddlers at the Sidomulyo Health Center, Samarinda.

Research Method : This study used a quantitative correlational design with a cross-sectional approach.

Result : The sample consisted of 188 toddlers aged 2-5 years who were taken stratified. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using the Chi-Square test. The results obtained There is a significant relationship between immunization status and provision of complementary foods with the incidence of wasting (p-value < 0.05). Toddlers with incomplete immunization have a higher risk of wasting (OR = 0.3 2 ).

Conclusion : Toddlers who are given complementary foods <6 months also show a higher prevalence of wasting (OR = 8.94). Complete immunization status and provision of complementary foods on time are important factors in preventing wasting in toddlers.

Correlation Between Social Support and Anxiety in Facing Learning Evaluations Among First-Year Health Science Students

Faried Rahman Hidayat, Regina Nur Azizah — Sat, 21 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background : Anxiety is a psychological condition of an individual that arises because there is a trigger that is characterized by feelings of fear, tension, worry, restlessness accompanied by physical responses such as a pounding heart, high blood pressure and so on depending on what each individual feels. Anxiety is common in students, especially in the academic sphere, one way that can reduce anxiety is Social Support (Parents and Peers). Social Support is a form of support given to individuals who are experiencing difficulties to reduce the feelings of anxiety that are being felt.

Objective : To determine the relationship between social support (parents and peers) and anxiety of first semester students in facing learning evaluation in the UMKT Nursing Undergraduate Study Program.

Method : This study used the Hamilton Rating Scale For Anxiety (HARS) measuring instrument with a Likert scale, and the Social Support (Parents and Peers) measuring instrument adapted through the Sarafino (2012) questionnaire Guttman scale with a reliability value of 0.635. The design of this study was a Cross Sectional study. The sample of this study was determined by the Slovin formula, obtaining a sample of 108 respondents. Data were obtained using a questionnaire. This study used univariate data analysis and bivariate analysis. The Chi-square test was used to determine the correlation between two variables.

Results : Based on the results of the Chisquare statistical test, the results obtained (p value = 0.025 p value = <(0.05) so that it can be said that H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted which states that there is a significant relationship, which means that the greater the social support received, the more it will affect the anxiety felt. It is recommended for further research to conduct Multiple regression research so that it can examine more than two variables simultaneously, such as examining other factors that influence social support with student anxiety such as physical needs, social needs and psychological needs. As well as the Spearman Rank statistical test to see the results of meaningful correlations and the strength of the correlation.

Conclusion : There is a Relationship Between Social Support (Parents and Peers) and Anxiety of Semester 1 Students in Facing Learning Evaluation in the UMKT Nursing Undergraduate Study Program

Association Between Infection History and Complex Nutrition Intake with Wasting Incidence in Toddlers

Fathia Wianida Utami, Fatma Zulaikha, Ni Wayan Wiwin Asthiningsih — Sat, 21 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background: Wasting in toddlers is a form of acute malnutrition characterized by rapid weight loss and low weight-for-height z-scores, which can severely impact physical growth and cognitive development. Factors such as a history of infection and inappropriate complementary feeding practices have been identified as potential contributors.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between infection history and the provision of complementary feeding (MPASI) with the incidence of wasting among toddlers aged 2–5 years in the working area of Sidomulyo Health Center, Samarinda.

Method: A cross-sectional study with a quantitative correlational approach was conducted. A total of 168 toddlers were selected using stratified random sampling. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and anthropometric measurements, and analyzed using the Chi-Square test.

Results: The results showed that 25.6% of the toddlers experienced wasting. Toddlers with a history of infection were found to be at significantly higher risk, with an odds ratio (OR) of 13.85 (p = 0.000). Additionally, toddlers who received complementary feeding before the age of 6 months were 8.9 times more likely to experience wasting (p = 0.000; OR = 8.9). Both variables showed a statistically significant association with the incidence of wasting.

Conclusion: The study found a significant relationship between infection history and complementary feeding practices with the incidence of wasting among toddlers. Strengthening maternal education, timely feeding, and infection prevention is essential to reduce the risk of wasting in early childhood.

Association Between Exclusive Breastfeeding and Maternal Knowledge of Toddler Nutrition with Wasting Incidence in Toddlers

Insani Tiara Tirta, Fatma Zulaikha, Ni Wayan Wiwin Asthiningsih — Sat, 21 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Wasting is an acute nutritional disorder in toddlers that can lead to impaired growth and increased morbidity. Exclusive breastfeeding and maternal knowledge about toddler nutrition are key factors influencing nutritional status. This study aims to examine the association between exclusive breastfeeding and maternal knowledge of nutrition with the incidence of wasting among toddlers in the working area of Sidomulyo Health Center, Samarinda City.

Methods: This study employed a quantitative analytical method with a cross-sectional design. A total of 188 mothers and toddlers were sampled using stratified random sampling, and 168 toddlers met the inclusion criteria for analysis. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and anthropometric measurements. The Chi-Square test was used to analyze the association between variables, and odds ratios (OR) were calculated to determine risk levels.

Results: Among the 168 toddlers, 43 (25.6%) were identified as experiencing wasting. A significant association was found between exclusive breastfeeding and wasting incidence (p = 0.000; OR = 0.111; 95% CI = 0.049–0.255), indicating that children who were not exclusively breastfed had a higher risk of wasting. Maternal knowledge of toddler nutrition also showed a significant relationship with wasting (p = 0.000), where poor maternal knowledge was associated with a higher incidence of wasting.

Conclusion: Exclusive breastfeeding and good maternal knowledge about toddler nutrition are protective factors against wasting. Health promotion strategies at the community health center level should prioritize increasing awareness and education regarding exclusive breastfeeding and toddler nutritional needs to reduce the prevalence of wasting.

Association between Parenting Patterns and Exclusive Breastfeeding with Wasting Incidence in Toddlers

Selma Aqila Malwani, Fatma Zulaikha, Ni Wayan Wiwin Asthiningsih — Sat, 21 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Wasting is a form of acute malnutrition that significantly affects the physical growth, brain development, and immune function of toddlers. Various factors, including parenting styles and breastfeeding practices, may influence the occurrence of wasting.

Objective: This study aims to analyze the relationship between parenting styles and exclusive breastfeeding with the incidence of wasting among toddlers in the Sidomulyo Health Center area, Samarinda City.

Methods: A quantitative, correlational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted involving 168 toddlers aged 2–5 years, selected through stratified cluster sampling. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using the Chi-Square test and Fisher’s Exact Test to assess the associations between variables.

Results: The findings revealed that permissive parenting was associated with the highest proportion of wasting cases (46.2%), whereas democratic parenting showed the lowest proportion (9.9%). A significant relationship was found between parenting style and the incidence of wasting (p = 0.000). Furthermore, toddlers who were not exclusively breastfed had a significantly higher risk of wasting compared to those who received exclusive breastfeeding (p = 0.000).

Conclusion: Maternal characteristics, parenting styles, and breastfeeding practices play a significant role in determining the nutritional status of toddlers. Democratic parenting and exclusive breastfeeding were found to contribute positively to the prevention of wasting.

Factors Associated with Stroke Incidence at Advent Hospital Bandar Lampung

Irma Anisa — Sat, 21 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Stroke is a serious neurovascular condition caused by impaired cerebral blood flow, resulting in neurological deficits and potentially permanent disability or death. Modifiable risk factors such as body mass index (BMI), diabetes mellitus, and hypertension have been shown to significantly influence stroke incidence.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between BMI, blood glucose levels, and hypertension with stroke incidence at Adventist Hospital Bandar Lampung.

Method: A quantitative, cross-sectional study design was used, involving stroke patients selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected through medical record review and analyzed using the Chi-square test with a predetermined level of significance.

Results: The findings revealed significant associations between BMI, diabetes status, and hypertension with stroke type. Individuals with normal BMI were more likely to experience non-hemorrhagic stroke, while those with abnormal BMI had a higher tendency toward hemorrhagic stroke. Patients with elevated blood glucose levels were more frequently diagnosed with non-hemorrhagic stroke. Similarly, individuals with hypertension showed a stronger tendency toward non-hemorrhagic stroke compared to those with normal blood pressure.

Conclusion: BMI, blood glucose levels, and hypertension are significantly related to the type and occurrence of stroke. These results underline the importance of maintaining a healthy lifestyle by regulating weight, managing blood sugar, and controlling blood pressure. Strengthening health education and preventive strategies through hospital-based media can help reduce stroke risk. Further research is encouraged to explore other contributing factors and to enhance clinical practices in stroke prevention and management.

Effectiveness of the Prolanis Program in Controlling Blood Pressure among Hypertension Patients at Doktor Fuzti Clinic

Fuzti Fauzia, Dadi Hamdani — Sat, 21 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Chronic health conditions caused by genetic, physiological, and environmental factors are common among individuals with Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs). Hypertension is one of the most prevalent chronic NCDs. If left untreated, it may lead to serious complications such as heart disease, stroke, and kidney failure. Effective management strategies are crucial to control blood pressure and prevent further health risks.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the Chronic Disease Management Program (Prolanis) as a healthcare initiative to control blood pressure in patients with hypertension.

Methods: A quantitative one-group pre-test and post-test design was employed. A total of 25 participants diagnosed with hypertension were selected using purposive sampling based on predefined inclusion criteria. Blood pressure was measured before and after participation in the Prolanis program. The data were analyzed using the paired sample t-test.

Results: The analysis showed a statistically significant reduction in mean systolic blood pressure from 154 mmHg to 136 mmHg after the intervention. The paired sample t-test yielded a p-value of 0.001 (p < 0.05), indicating that the observed reduction was significant.

Conclusion: The findings suggest that the Prolanis program is effective in controlling blood pressure among hypertensive patients. Integrating structured chronic disease management programs like Prolanis into routine healthcare services can contribute to improved patient outcomes and reduced risk of complications associated with hypertension.

The Effectiveness of Ergonomic Exercises on Joint Pain Severity among the Elderly

Catur Sugiyarti, Diah Sulastri, Miranti Dea Dora — Sat, 21 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Joint pain is a prevalent health issue among the elderly, often impairing mobility and quality of life. Non-pharmacological interventions such as ergonomic exercises have gained attention for their safety, accessibility, and potential effectiveness in reducing pain.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of ergonomic exercise on joint pain intensity among elderly residents at UPTD PSLU Tresna Werdha Natar, South Lampung, in 2025.

Methods: A quasi-experimental study with a one-group pre-test and post-test design was conducted. A total of 36 elderly participants aged 60 years and above were recruited using total sampling. Joint pain was assessed using a standardized numerical rating scale ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst possible pain). Participants engaged in a structured ergonomic exercise program. Pre- and post-intervention pain scores were analyzed using the paired t-test in SPSS.

Results: The mean joint pain score prior to the intervention was 2.81 (SD = 0.53), which significantly decreased to 2.08 (SD = 0.50) following the ergonomic exercise program. Statistical analysis showed a significant reduction in pain scores (p < 0.001).

Conclusion: Ergonomic exercises demonstrated a significant effect in reducing joint pain among elderly residents. These findings support the integration of ergonomic exercise routines into daily care practices in nursing home settings to enhance elderly well-being and functional independence.

The Effect of 'CERDIK' Education on Knowledge Improvement among Hypertensive Patients

Lia apriani Amalia, Anggie Stiexs, Novika Andora — Sat, 21 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Hypertension is a major global health issue, affecting approximately one-third of adults and contributing significantly to morbidity and mortality. In Indonesia, its prevalence is rising, yet public awareness remains insufficient. The Ministry of Health has promoted the CERDIK framework—encouraging routine checkups, smoking cessation, physical activity, balanced diet, adequate rest, and stress management—as a key preventive measure. However, empirical evidence regarding its impact on patient knowledge in clinical settings remains limited.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the effect of CERDIK-based health education on hypertension knowledge among patients at Sidowaras Primary Care Clinic, North Lampung.

Methods: A quantitative pre-experimental design with a one-group pre-test and post-test approach was utilized. The population comprised 453 hypertensive patients registered between August and October 2024. Using accidental sampling and Slovin's formula, a sample of 27 Prolanis program participants was selected. Data were analyzed using the paired-samples t-test.

Results: The analysis revealed a significant increase in knowledge following the intervention, with a p-value of 0.000 (<0.05).

Conclusion: CERDIK health education effectively improves knowledge among hypertensive patients. Enhancing awareness and understanding of hypertension is crucial to preventing complications from non-communicable diseases. These findings support integrating CERDIK-based education into primary healthcare programs to promote better hypertension management.

Bibliometric Analysis of Research Trends on Food Taboos during Pregnancy in a Socio-Cultural Context

Sri Susanti, Oman Sukmana, Rahmad K. Dwi Susilo — Sat, 21 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Food taboos during pregnancy are common cultural practices in many developing countries. While intended to protect maternal and fetal health, these taboos often contradict recommended nutritional guidelines and may contribute to maternal undernutrition.

Objective: This study aims to analyze global research trends on food taboos among pregnant women using a bibliometric approach to identify knowledge gaps and emerging themes.

Method: A bibliometric analysis was conducted using data retrieved from the Scopus database covering publications from 2000 to 2024. The data were analyzed using VOSviewer software to map publication patterns, keyword co-occurrence, and thematic clusters.

Results: A total of 55 relevant articles were identified. The number of publications began to increase significantly in 2013, peaking in 2019. Most research originated from developing countries, notably Ethiopia and Nigeria, with a disciplinary focus on medicine, agricultural and biological sciences, nursing, and social sciences. The bibliometric mapping identified three main thematic clusters: (1) food taboos and dietary preferences, (2) health knowledge and attitudes, and (3) maternal nutritional status linked to socioeconomic factors. Emerging keywords included nutrition, anemia, diet, and undernutrition. However, key issues such as socioeconomic dimensions and dietary diversity remain underexplored.

Conclusion: Research on food taboos in pregnancy is growing but remains geographically and thematically concentrated. Future studies should adopt interdisciplinary and culturally sensitive approaches to address the nutritional implications of food taboos during pregnancy. These findings provide valuable insights for policymakers and researchers in designing effective maternal health interventions.

Exploring the Association Between Gadget Use and Emotional Disturbances in Pre-School Children: Evidence from Al-Mujahidin Al-Qur'an Kindergarten

Shenni Rozeva — Sat, 21 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: In the digital era, gadget use among preschool-aged children has become increasingly common, raising concerns about its impact on emotional development. Excessive screen time may reduce social interaction and increase emotional disturbances, such as irritability and anxiety.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between gadget use and emotional problems among preschool children at TK Al-Qur'an Almujahidin Krui in 2024.

Method: A cross-sectional quantitative analytical design was used. A total of 103 children aged 4–6 years were selected through purposive sampling. Emotional problems were assessed using the Kuisioner Masalah Mental Emosional (KMME), a validated 12-item instrument. Children with diagnosed neurodevelopmental disorders were excluded. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test and odds ratio (OR) with a significance level of p < 0.05.

Results: Among the 103 participants, 26 (25.2%) had doubtful emotional problems and 77 (74.8%) exhibited deviant emotional behaviors. Children with bad gadget use were 7.71 times more likely to experience emotional problems compared to those with good gadget use (OR = 7.71, p = 0.034). A significant association was found between higher levels of gadget use and increased emotional disturbances.

Conclusion: There is a statistically significant relationship between gadget use and emotional problems in preschool children. Excessive gadget use may negatively affect emotional well-being, emphasizing the need for parents and educators to monitor and regulate children’s screen time to support healthy emotional development.

Factors Associated with Nurses' Job Satisfaction in the Implementation of the Team Assignment Method

Anisa Ayu Rahmawati — Sat, 21 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: The implementation of team-based nursing assignments is increasingly recognized as a crucial factor influencing nurses' job satisfaction. However, the effectiveness of this method in enhancing job satisfaction remains insufficiently explored, especially in Indonesian hospital settings.

Objective: This study aimed to identify the factors related to nurses' job satisfaction in relation to the application of the team assignment method at Bhayangkara Hospital, Bandar Lampung in 2025.

Method: This quantitative research employed a cross-sectional design involving 55 nurses selected using purposive sampling. The population included all inpatient nurses, with sample distribution determined using stratified random sampling. Data were analyzed using statistical tests to examine the association between job satisfaction factors (responsibility, working conditions, coworker relations, and task assignment) and the implementation of the team method.

Results: The findings showed significant relationships between the team assignment method and all measured aspects of job satisfaction. Nurses with good responsibility, favorable working conditions, positive coworker relations, and clear task assignments were more likely to report higher job satisfaction. All variables showed statistically significant p-values (p < 0.05), with odds ratios indicating strong associations, particularly between working conditions and satisfaction.

Conclusion: The study concludes that the team assignment method has a substantial influence on nurses’ job satisfaction. Effective implementation of this method—through improved supervision, fair task distribution, and supportive working environments—can enhance both nurse well-being and care quality.

Effect of Guava Leaf Infusion on Diarrhea Frequency at Kalirejo Public Health Center

Indah, Novika Andora, Anggie Stiexs — Sat, 21 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Diarrhea remains a major public health concern in Indonesia, particularly in rural areas. It is commonly caused by consuming food or drinks contaminated with microorganisms. While conventional treatments such as oral rehydration solutions and zinc are widely used, traditional herbal remedies like guava leaves (Psidium guajava) are increasingly gaining attention due to their antidiarrheal properties.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the effect of guava leaf infusion on reducing the frequency of diarrhea among patients at Kalirejo Public Health Center, Negeri Katon District, in 2024.

Method: A quasi-experimental study was conducted with two groups: an intervention group receiving guava leaf infusion and a control group receiving standard care. Thirty diarrhea patients were selected using accidental sampling and divided equally into both groups. The frequency of diarrhea was recorded before and after treatment.

Result: The intervention group showed a greater reduction in diarrhea frequency, from a mean of 7.33 to 5.47 episodes per day (mean reduction of 1.87). The control group experienced a smaller decrease from 7.07 to 6.20 episodes per day (mean reduction of 0.80). Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference between groups (ρ = 0.001), indicating the effectiveness of guava leaf infusion.

Conclusion: Guava leaf infusion significantly reduces the frequency of diarrhea, supporting its use as an effective complementary therapy. It offers a natural, accessible, and low-cost treatment option, especially in areas with abundant guava plants. Further research is recommended to explore additional herbal remedies and underlying causes of diarrhea in similar settings.

Foot Massage and Quranic Recitation for Pain Relief in Post-Cesarean Section Patients

Mellisa, Sri Sumaryani, Noor Wulandari — Sat, 21 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Post-cesarean section pain is a common complication that may hinder maternal recovery, delay mobility, and disrupt early breastfeeding. While pharmacological treatments are available, non-pharmacological interventions such as foot massage and Quranic recitation have shown individual effectiveness in reducing pain.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the combined effect of foot massage therapy and Quranic recitation (Surah Ar-Rahman) on the pain levels of post-cesarean section patients.

Methods: A qualitative descriptive case study was conducted at RSUD Tidar Magelang from April 30 to May 7, 2025. Three primiparous Muslim women aged 20–35 years were selected through purposive sampling. Each participant received a 10–20-minute foot massage while simultaneously listening to Quranic recitation via headphones. Pain intensity was assessed using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) before and after the intervention over two consecutive days.

Results: All participants initially reported moderate pain levels (NRS score of 5). After the intervention, pain levels decreased to mild (NRS score 2–3). Patients reported feeling calmer and more comfortable, attributing the relief to the synchronization of massage with spiritual recitation. These results align with existing literature supporting the effectiveness of both interventions individually.

Conclusion: The combined application of foot massage and Quranic recitation effectively reduced postoperative pain in cesarean section patients. This culturally sensitive, non-pharmacological approach shows promise for holistic postpartum care, particularly in Muslim-majority settings. Further research with larger samples and control groups is needed to confirm its broader applicability and clinical significance.

The Effectiveness of Lemongrass Aromatherapy in Reducing Dysmenorrhea Pain

Rahmawati, Fify Aulia Nahya — Sat, 21 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Dysmenorrhea is a common menstrual complaint among adolescent girls, often impacting daily activities and emotional well-being. Non-pharmacological interventions, such as aromatherapy, are gaining attention for their potential in pain management. Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) contains compounds with analgesic and calming properties that may reduce menstrual pain.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of lemongrass aromatherapy in reducing dysmenorrhea pain intensity among adolescents.

Method: An experimental study using a one-group pre-test post-test design was conducted at Al-Riyadl Islamic Boarding School, Cipanas, from March to May 2025. A total of 30 female adolescents were selected through accidental sampling. Pain intensity before and after the aromatherapy intervention was measured using the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS). Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate methods.

Result: The average pain intensity before aromatherapy was 15.50 (SD = 8.803), which significantly decreased to 1.23 (SD = 7.281) after treatment. Statistical analysis revealed a p-value < .001, indicating a significant reduction in pain.

Conclusion: Lemongrass aromatherapy is effective in significantly reducing dysmenorrhea pain among adolescents. Its natural, accessible, and low-risk characteristics make it a promising complementary therapy, particularly in settings with limited access to conventional medical care.

The Efficacy of Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) Decoction in Alleviating Gout Pain in the Elderly: A Systematic Literature Review

Sat, 21 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Gout pain is a common issue among the elderly, caused by the accumulation of uric acid crystals in the joints, leading to discomfort and limited mobility. Clove (Syzygium aromaticum), known for its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, has been studied as a potential natural treatment for alleviating gout pain.

Objective: This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of clove (Syzygium aromaticum) decoction in reducing gout pain among the elderly.

Method: A systematic review search was conducted across four journal databases: PubMed, ProQuest, Garuda, and JSTOR, covering the period from 2019 to 2024. The population involved in the studies consisted of elderly individuals diagnosed with gout. The intervention analyzed in this review was the administration of clove decoction, while pain as the primary outcome was measured using the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS). The uric acid levels, as a secondary outcome, were assessed using a GCU meter.

Two to three independent reviewers conducted the search, selection, extraction, and quality assessment of the identified articles. The selection process followed the PRISMA flowchart standards, while the quality of the articles was evaluated using the CASP checklist. The extracted data included key aspects such as author, intervention, facilitators, setting, number of sessions, duration, methods or media used, as well as the topics discussed in each study.

Result: Of the five articles identified, a total of 95 participants were involved. The administration of clove decoction significantly reduced pain intensity due to its higher eugenol content, which was given orally (consumed) and via warm compress. The intervention was administered for 5-7 days, while the warm compress was applied for 15-20 minutes. The duration of this intervention allowed sufficient time for the eugenol content in cloves to act as an anti-inflammatory and analgesic, resulting in a more optimal therapeutic effect.

Conclusion: The administration of clove decoction is a non-pharmacological therapy that demonstrates a significant impact in reducing gout pain. It may serve as a supportive alternative in pain management, reducing the use of analgesics, and improving the quality of life with minimal side effects.

Efficacy of Guava Leaf Decoction in Lowering Blood Glucose in Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review

Sat, 21 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels due to insulin resistance or insufficient insulin secretion. The rising global prevalence of DM has led to increased interest in alternative therapies, including herbal remedies such as guava leaf decoction, which is believed to possess hypoglycemic properties.

Objective: This systematic review aims to evaluate the efficacy of guava leaf decoction in reducing blood glucose levels in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across four databases—PubMed, ProQuest, Garuda, and JSTOR—for studies published between 2020 and 2024. Inclusion criteria were studies involving diabetic patients receiving guava leaf decoction as an intervention, with outcomes measured in terms of blood glucose levels using glucometers. The selection and quality appraisal of studies were independently performed by two to three reviewers, following the PRISMA guidelines. The CASP checklist was used for methodological quality assessment. Extracted data included study authors, intervention details, facilitators, setting, session frequency, duration, and delivery method.

Results: Eight eligible studies comprising a total of 229 participants were included. The findings consistently demonstrated that guava leaf decoction significantly reduced blood glucose levels. Effective regimens included twice-daily administration for 7 days or once daily (250 ml) for 14 days. Benefits were observed in both diabetic and obese individuals.

Conclusion: Guava leaf decoction shows potential as a complementary therapy in the management of diabetes mellitus by naturally lowering blood glucose levels. Further clinical trials are recommended to confirm its efficacy and safety.

Impact of Husband Support on the Success of Early Initiation of Breastfeeding: A Systematic Review

Sat, 21 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Early Initiation of Breastfeeding defined as breastfeeding within the first hour after birth, is crucial for infant health and long-term breastfeeding success. Husband support plays a vital role in facilitating this process.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the influence of husband support on the success of Early Initiation of Breastfeeding among postpartum mothers.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted by searching scientific databases including PubMed, ProQuest, Garuda, and JSTOR, covering publications from January 2014 to December 2024. The population included postpartum mothers regardless of delivery method. Husband support was assessed through questionnaires, in-depth interviews, and observation sheets. Three independent reviewers conducted article selection following the PRISMA flowchart, data extraction, and quality assessment using the CASP checklist. Extracted data comprised author details, interventions, settings, facilitators, session number and duration, methods or media used, and topics addressed.

Results: Nine studies with a total of 752 participants were reviewed. The success rate of EIB with husband support ranged from 3.7% to 85.71%. Husband support involved encouragement, creating a comfortable breastfeeding environment, and jointly seeking information on EIB. Maternal knowledge and healthcare professional support were also important contributors.

Conclusion: Husband support significantly influences the success of Early Initiation of Breastfeeding in postpartum mothers. Incorporating husband involvement through emotional, informational, and practical support in prenatal education programs is recommended to improve EIB outcomes.

Impact of Soursop Leaf Decoction on Blood Pressure in Individuals with Hypertension: A Systematic Literature Review

Sat, 21 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Hypertension remains a leading global health concern, significantly increasing the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Interest in natural therapies has grown, including the use of Annona muricata (soursop) leaf decoction, which is hypothesized to exert antihypertensive effects through its bioactive compounds.

Objective: This systematic review aims to evaluate the efficacy of Annona muricata leaf decoction in reducing blood pressure among individuals with hypertension.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across four databases—PubMed, ProQuest, Garuda, and JSTOR—for studies published between 2021 and 2025. Inclusion criteria focused on studies involving hypertensive individuals treated with soursop leaf decoction, with outcomes measured using manual or digital sphygmomanometers. The selection process adhered to PRISMA guidelines. Data extraction and quality appraisal were independently performed by two to three reviewers using the CASP checklist. Extracted data included study characteristics, intervention details, duration, frequency, and delivery methods.

Results: A total of 16 studies involving 322 participants were included. Findings consistently demonstrated that soursop leaf decoction significantly reduced both systolic and diastolic blood pressure. The observed antihypertensive effects are attributed to flavonoids and potassium, which contribute to vasodilation. The most effective regimen was consumption twice daily over a 7–8 week period.

Conclusion: Annona muricata leaf decoction shows promising potential as an adjunctive, non-pharmacological intervention for managing hypertension. It offers a cost-effective and accessible alternative, especially in low-resource settings. Nonetheless, further clinical trials are needed to determine standardized dosages and assess interactions with conventional antihypertensive medications.

The Impact of Snakes and Ladders on Motor and Cognitive Development in Children: A Systematic Literature Review

Sat, 21 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Educational games are instrumental in supporting early childhood development, particularly in enhancing motor and cognitive abilities. Snakes and Ladders is a commonly used game that promotes strategic thinking, coordination, and social interaction.
Objective: This study aims to systematically analyze and synthesize research findings related to the impact of Snakes and Ladders on children’s motor and cognitive development. Specifically, it evaluates outcomes in number comprehension, memory retention, strategic thinking, fine motor skills, and hand-eye coordination.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, ProQuest, Garuda, and JSTOR for studies published between 2020 and 2025. Eligible studies included children aged 4–6 years, utilized Snakes and Ladders as an intervention, and reported outcomes related to motor and cognitive development. Data extraction and quality assessment were independently performed by three reviewers using the PRISMA Flow Diagram and CAST Checklist.

Results: Six studies involving a total of 89 participants met the inclusion criteria. Findings indicate that Snakes and Ladders significantly improves both motor and cognitive outcomes in early childhood. Following two cycles of intervention, the proportion of children meeting motor development benchmarks increased from 37% to 86%. Cognitive development also improved, with average scores rising from 7.4 to 13 after four weeks. The percentage of children categorized as highly developed increased from 20% to 47%, and 72% achieved expected developmental milestones after six weeks.

Conclusion: The Snakes and Ladders game is an effective educational tool for enhancing motor and cognitive development in children aged 4–6 years. Integration of such games into early childhood education is recommended to support holistic development.

Efficacy of Iron Tablet Supplementation on Hemoglobin Levels in Adolescents: A Systematic Review

Sat, 21 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Iron deficiency anemia is one of the most common nutritional problems among adolescents and can significantly affect physical growth, cognitive development, and overall health. Iron tablet supplementation is widely recognized as a primary intervention to increase hemoglobin levels and prevent anemia in this population.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of iron tablet supplementation in increasing hemoglobin levels among adolescents with anemia.

Method: A systematic literature review was conducted using four databases: PubMed, JSTOR, ProQuest, and Garuda. The review included studies published between 2019 and 2025 that examined iron tablet supplementation in adolescents diagnosed with anemia. Hemoglobin levels were assessed before and after supplementation to determine effectiveness. Study selection, data extraction, and quality appraisal were performed independently by two reviewers following the PRISMA guidelines and using the CASP checklist.

Results: Four studies involving a total of 430 adolescent participants met the inclusion criteria. All included studies reported a significant increase in hemoglobin levels following daily iron tablet supplementation, particularly among adolescent girls. One month of supplementation was found to be effective in reducing the prevalence of anemia.

Conclusion: Iron tablet supplementation is an effective intervention for increasing hemoglobin levels and reducing the incidence of anemia in adolescents. These findings support the continued use of iron supplementation programs as a public health strategy to improve adolescent health and prevent long-term complications associated with iron deficiency anemia.

Effectiveness of Butterfly Hug Therapy in Reducing Anxiety Symptoms Among Older Adults: A Systematic Review

Sat, 21 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Anxiety is a prevalent mental health concern among older adults, often triggered by chronic illness, cognitive decline, and social isolation. Left untreated, anxiety can significantly impair quality of life and exacerbate physical health issues. While pharmacological treatments exist, they pose potential side effects, especially for the elderly. Therefore, non-pharmacological approaches such as Butterfly Hug Therapy (BHT), a technique involving bilateral self-stimulation to promote emotional regulation, have gained attention as alternative interventions.

Objective: This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Butterfly Hug Therapy in reducing anxiety levels among older adults.

Method: Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, a literature search was conducted across PubMed, ProQuest, Garuda, and JSTOR from 2015 to 2024. Eligible studies involved elderly participants, reported measurable anxiety outcomes, and were published in English or Bahasa. Quality was assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP).

Result: Out of 350 initial studies, three met the inclusion criteria. Sample sizes ranged from 2 to 60 participants, with therapy sessions lasting approximately 30 minutes over 1 to 2 weeks. Anxiety levels, measured using GAD-7 or GAI, consistently decreased after the intervention. Despite limitations such as small sample sizes and lack of rigorous controls, the findings support BHT as an effective strategy for anxiety reduction in the elderly.

Conclusion: Butterfly Hug Therapy is a simple, non-invasive, and accessible intervention that shows potential for reducing anxiety in older adults. Further research through randomized controlled trials is recommended to confirm long-term benefits and establish standardized clinical guidelines.

Postural Drainage Intervention in Reducing Dyspnea among Bronchial Asthma Patients at Maccini Sawah Public Health Center

Nurhayati, Andina D, Nurbaiti, Erna Kasim — Sat, 21 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Bronchial asthma is a chronic respiratory condition marked by airway inflammation, mucus hypersecretion, and bronchial spasms, resulting in dyspnea and decreased respiratory efficiency. Postural drainage, a form of chest physiotherapy, has been suggested as a nonpharmacological intervention to enhance mucus clearance and reduce respiratory distress.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of postural drainage therapy in reducing dyspnea among patients with bronchial asthma at the Maccini Sawah Public Health Center.

Method: A descriptive case study design was employed, involving two asthma patients observed over three consecutive days. Postural drainage was implemented using three different positions across three sessions per participant. Data were collected through observation using the Medical Research Council (MRC) Dyspnea Scale, interviews, and documentation. The effect of the intervention was evaluated by comparing pre- and post-intervention dyspnea levels.

Result: Both participants demonstrated a consistent reduction in dyspnea levels following the intervention. On the first day, each respondent exhibited moderate shortness of breath (MRC score: 2), which progressively improved by the third day to a score of 0, indicating no dyspnea. Improvements were also reflected in vital signs, including reduced respiratory rate and more stable pulse. The intervention was well tolerated, and participants reported subjective relief in breathing.

Conclusion: Postural drainage is a safe, effective, and easily administered intervention that significantly reduces dyspnea in bronchial asthma patients. It holds promise as a supportive therapy for asthma management and should be considered in clinical practice, especially in community healthcare settings.

Effectiveness of Music and Art Therapy on Hemodynamic Status in Pediatric Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy

Shania Putri Lomboan, Susi Roida Simanjuntak, Lenny Gannika — Sat, 21 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Cancer in children is a major global health issue, with over 400,000 new cases annually. Pediatric cancer treatment often results in fatigue and psychological stress, which may influence hemodynamic status such as pulse, blood pressure, respiration, and oxygen saturation. Music and art therapy have emerged as supportive nursing interventions that may help stabilize these indicators.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of combined music and art therapy on the hemodynamic status of pediatric cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.

Method: This study used a descriptive case study design involving three pediatric cancer patients with varying diagnoses: Hodgkin’s lymphoma, rectal adenocarcinoma, and ovarian clear cell carcinoma. The intervention consisted of simultaneous music and art therapy sessions administered for 15–20 minutes daily over three consecutive days. Hemodynamic indicators, including pulse rate, blood pressure, respiration rate, and oxygen saturation, were monitored before and after each session.

Result: All three respondents showed a consistent decrease in pulse rate over the three days of therapy, indicating reduced physiological stress. However, changes in other hemodynamic indicators, such as systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respiratory rate, andoxygen saturation, were inconsistent across the participants. Despite variability in clinical outcomes, verbal and observational feedback indicated positive emotional responses and improved engagement during therapy.

Conclusion: Music and art therapy interventions positively influenced the pulse rate of pediatric cancer patients, suggesting an impact on autonomic nervous system regulation. Although other hemodynamic parameters showed inconsistent changes, the interventions contributed to psychological comfort and may enhance the overall well-being of pediatric oncology patients. Further research with larger samples and extended intervention durations is recommended to confirm clinical significance.

Biological Nurturing and Baby-Led Feeding Techniques for Pain Reduction in Post-Caesarean Mothers

Magdalena Limbong, Riawahyuni, Erna Kasim, Nurbaiti — Sat, 21 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Introduction: Postoperative sectio caesarea pain management can be done by pharmacological and non-pharmacological means, among others by applying complementary therapy biologic nurturing baby led feeding is one of the non-pharmacological therapies by distraction or diversion. One example of distraction is by adjusting the position of breastfeeding. Research objectives: this case study aims to determine the effect of the implementation of biologic nurturing baby led feeding techniques in reducing the pain scale in post sectio caesarea mothers. Method: case study method using descriptive method with 2 respondents and conducted for 3 days in the Baji Gau room of Labuang baji Hospital Makassar. Research instruments used observation scale sheet, SOP, medical record data, and breast milk production observation. Methods of data collection by interview and observation. Data analysis and data presentation were carried out in textual or narrative form and tables. Results: the implementation of the implementation in both respondents decreased after each implementation by 1 level. Conclusion: it can be concluded that the implementation of biologic nurturing baby leed feeding techniques can reduce pain in post sectio caesarea mothers. Suggestion: it is recommended that the author further improve in applying the existing theory in real terms, especially related to the implementation of biologic nurturing baby leed feeding techniques in reducing the pain scale in post sectio caesarea mothers for the next level of education.