Genius Journal

The Effect of Health Education on Knowledge of Junk Food among Elementary School Students

Qurnia Latifah — 2026-01-23

Introduction: The high consumption of junk food among children is a serious issue due to its negative health impacts, such as obesity, diabetes, and metabolic disorders from an early age. Fast food is popular for its convenience and taste, but it is low in nutrition. National and international data, including from the WHO and Riskesdas, show that junk food consumption among schoolchildren continues to increase, including in Bangka Belitung. Children's low knowledge about healthy food requires intervention in the form of health education.

Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of health education on knowledge about junk food among fifth-grade students at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Al Islam Kemuja in 2025.

Method: This study used a quantitative pre-experimental research design with a one-group pretest-posttest approach, involving 70 students through total sampling. The instrument was a closed-ended questionnaire with indicators for the definition, types, dangers, selection factors, and prevention of the impacts ofjunk food. Analysis used a paired t-test.

Result: The results showed a significant increase in students' knowledge, from an average of 56.89 before the intervention to 76.27 after the intervention, with a significance value of 0.000 (<0.05).

Conclusion: This study concludes that health education significantly improves students’ knowledge regarding junk food. These findings highlight the important role of structured educational interventions in promoting healthy dietary awareness among school-aged children. Therefore, healthcare institutions may use these results as a reference for developing and implementing regular school-based health promotion programs. Educational institutions can also utilize this study as supplementary learning material and as a reference in academic resources.

Factors Associated with Students’ Mental Health in Vocational High Schools

Hanif Marisa Putra — 2026-01-23

Introduction: Mental health is a crucial aspect of adolescents’ well-being, as this developmental stage involves significant physical, emotional, and social changes that increase vulnerability to psychological problems. Global and national data indicate a high and growing prevalence of mental health issues among adolescents, including anxiety, depression, bullying-related distress, and the negative impacts of excessive social media use. Parenting styles, experiences of bullying, and patterns of social media use are key factors that may significantly influence adolescents’ mental health and require further investigation.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between parenting patterns, bullying and social media on the mental health of students at SMK Negeri 1 Tukak Sadai, South Bangka Regency in 2025.

Method: The design in this study used cross-sectional with independent variables (parenting patterns, bullying and social media) and dependent variables (student mental health). The population size in this study was 315 people and a sample of 83 people calculated using cluster sampling. The time of the study was May 5, 2025

Result: The results of the study using the Chi Square statistical test obtained a p-value for the parenting variable 0.000 <0.05, bullying 0.000 <0.05 and social media 0.000 <0.05. This shows that there is a significant relationship between parenting patterns, bullying and social media on the mental health of students at SMK Negeri 1 Tukak Sadai, South Bangka Regency in 2025.

Conclusion: Suggestions in this study are expected to make School Health Effort activities a step in monitoring health and anticipating early detection of the risk of poor mental health.

The Relationship Between Social Media Platform Usage and Sedentary Lifestyle Among Teenagers

Aura Khansa — 2026-01-23

Introduction: The development of digital technology has driven increased social media use, particularly among teenagers. Increased access to social media has the potential to reduce physical activity levels and encourage a sedentary lifestyle.

Objective: This study aims to analyze the relationship between the dominant social media platforms accessed and the level of sedentary lifestyle in adolescents at SMPN X Bandung City.

Method: This research method used a quantitative correlational approach with a cross-sectional design. The sample was selected using a proportionate random sampling technique from students in grades VII, VIII, and IX. The instruments used were a self-report questionnaire to determine the dominant social media platform and the Adolescent Sedentary Activity Questionnaire (ASAQ) to measure the level of sedentary lifestyle. Data analysis was carried out using multiple linear regression tests using JASP software.

Result: The results showed that the regression model was significant (F = 16.954; p < .001) with an R² value of 0.196, which means that 19.6% of the variation in sedentary lifestyle can be explained by the use of TikTok, Instagram, WhatsApp, and YouTube platforms. Partially, TikTok (p < .001) and YouTube (p = .005) significantly influenced sedentary lifestyle, with TikTok being the most dominant platform influencing sedentary lifestyle levels in adolescents. Meanwhile, Instagram (p = .081) and WhatsApp (p = .927) did not show a significant effect.

Conclusion: This study concludes that certain social media platforms, particularly TikTok and YouTube, are associated with increased sedentary lifestyles in adolescents. These findings can be used as a basis for schools, parents, and health agencies in developing education and interventions to reduce sedentary lifestyles by regulating social media use more wisely.

Sexual Experiences of Generation Z Men Living with HIV

Khalisha Ramadhini — 2026-01-23

Introduction: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) remains a major public health issue, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM). Generation Z (Gen-Z) constitutes an increasing proportion of new HIV infections and is characterized by openness toward identity, sexuality, and digital engagement. Despite this, limited research has explored the sexual experiences of HIV-positive Gen-Z individuals with homosexual orientation, especially within the Indonesian context. Understanding these experiences is crucial to addressing psychosocial needs and improving holistic care.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the lived sexual experiences of HIV-positive Gen-Z patients with homosexual orientation who are undergoing antiretroviral treatment at RSUD Umar Wirahadikusumah.

Method: A qualitative study with a phenomenological approach was conducted to capture participants’ subjective experiences. Three HIV-positive Gen-Z MSM receiving antiretroviral therapy were recruited using purposive sampling. Data were collected through in-depth, semi-structured interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis to identify recurring patterns and key themes.

Result: Five main themes emerged from the analysis: (1) changes in the meaning of sexuality after HIV diagnosis; (2) fear of HIV transmission and rejection; (3) negotiation of sexual safety and intimacy; (4) experiences of stigma and discrimination; and (5) resilience and self-acceptance shaped by Gen-Z characteristics such as openness, authenticity, and digital literacy. Participants described significant emotional, social, and behavioral adjustments in their sexual lives influenced by health status, social responses, and access to information.

Conclusion: The sexual experiences of HIV-positive Gen-Z MSM are shaped by interconnected biological, psychological, social, and generational factors. Gen-Z values contribute to adaptive coping, yet stigma remains a major challenge. These findings highlight the need for holistic, inclusive, and non-discriminatory nursing care, as well as targeted sexual health counseling and stigma-reduction interventions to improve quality of life among HIV-positive Gen-Z MSM.

The Relationship between the Intensity of Social Media Use and Eating Behavior among Nursing Students

Aulia Wulandari — 2026-01-23

Introduction: The quick development of social media has become an important aspect of students’ lives, including its influence on lifestyle formation and eating behavior patterns. Extensive exposure to visual content, food-related posts, digital advertisements, and online social interactions has the potential to affect tendencies toward uncontrolled eating and emotional eating.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to ascertain how nursing students at the Indonesia university of education, Sumedang Campus, use social media in relation to their eating habits.

Methods: A quantitative method with a cross-sectional design was used, which included 215 respondents selected through probability sampling. Data were collected using the Social Networking Time Use Scale (SONTUS) to measure social media use intensity and the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ) to assess eating behaviors. Data analysis was conducted using the Chi-Square test.

Result: The results indicate a significant relationship between social media use intensity and students’ eating behavior (p-value < 0.05). These findings suggest that higher social media use intensity may influence eating patterns, including tendencies toward uncontrolled eating, emotional eating, and eating triggered by digital environmental cues.

Conclusion: This study provides a foundation for developing digital literacy programs and promotive interventions aimed at encouraging healthy eating behaviors among university students.

Association between Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Primary Health Care Settings in Eastern Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Kristina E. T. Lobho — 2026-01-23

Introduction: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) remains a major non-communicable disease and a growing public health concern globally and in Indonesia. Obesity is widely recognized as a key modifiable risk factor contributing to insulin resistance and the development of T2DM. In primary healthcare and community settings, evidence regarding the association between obesity and T2DM is essential to support effective preventive and promotive nursing interventions.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the association between obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus among patients in the working area of Sikumana Public Health Center, Kupang City.

Method: This study employed a quantitative analytic observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The population consisted of 935 adult patients registered at Sikumana Public Health Center. A total of 93 respondents were selected using purposive sampling based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Obesity status was assessed using Body Mass Index (BMI), while T2DM status was obtained from secondary medical record data. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis and bivariate analysis with the Chi-square test at a significance level of p ≤ 0.05.

Results: The results showed that 51.6% of respondents were classified as obese. The proportion of obesity was higher among respondents with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus compared to those without diabetes. Statistical analysis demonstrated a significant association between obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (χ² = 12.081; p = 0.001).

Conclusion: Obesity was significantly associated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus among patients in the working area of Sikumana Public Health Center. These findings highlight the importance of obesity prevention and weight management strategies as part of nursing-led health promotion and disease prevention programs to reduce the burden of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at the primary healthcare level.

Determinants of Nurses’ Performance at Regional Hospital

Lulu Ananda Putri — 2026-02-11

Introduction: Nurse performance plays a vital role in determining the quality of healthcare services and hospital outcomes. Various factors, including education level, work motivation, and the work environment, have been identified as key determinants influencing nurses’ ability to deliver optimal nursing care. However, disparities in nurse performance and increasing service demands highlight the need for empirical analysis of these factors within hospital settings.

Objective: Nurses are professionals who possess intellectual, technical, interpersonal, and moral abilities, are responsible for, and have the authority to provide nursing care in health services. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between education, work motivation, and work environment on nurse performance at RSUD Junjung Besaoh, Bangka Selatan Regency, in 2025.

Method: This study used a cross-sectional design with independent variables (education, work motivation, and work environment) and dependent variables (nurse performance). The sample size was 61, and the study period was July 7–13, 2025.

Result: The results of the study using the Chi-Square Test were as follows: education p-value 0.000 <0.05, work motivation p-value 0.003 <0.05, and work environment p-value 0.000 <0.05. This indicates a significant relationship between education, work motivation, and the work environment on nurse performance at RSUD Junjung Besaoh, Bangka Selatan Regency in 2025.

Conclusion: This study are expected to benefit researchers in broadening their knowledge and insights, and serve as reference material for further research and development in the application of nursing care.

Relationship between Family Support and Medication Adherence Levels among Patients with Mental Disorders

M. Dzaki Zimbbran Rizani — 2026-04-16

Introduction: Mental disorders remain a significant global health issue, affecting millions of individuals worldwide and posing serious challenges to overall well-being and quality of life. Family support plays a crucial role in improving treatment outcomes, particularly in enhancing medication adherence and reducing the risk of relapse among patients with mental disorders.

Objective: This study aims to analyze the relationship between family support and medication adherence among patients with mental disorders at the Lampung Provincial Mental Hospital.

Method: This quantitative, cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between family support and medication adherence among mental disorder patients. The study involved 348 family members and patients attending follow-up controls at the Mental Hospital Polyclinic in Lampung Province. Data analysis, utilizing univariate and bivariate methods with the chi-square test, yielded significant findings.

Result: The results unequivocally demonstrate a strong, significant relationship between family support and medication adherence, evidenced by a p-value of 0.001 (p-value < 0.05). This indicates that a higher level of family support is directly associated with improved medication adherence among patients with mental disorders. In conclusion, robust family support is a critical factor in enhancing medication adherence.

Conclusion: To effectively reduce relapses, often triggered by treatment fatigue, consistent and empathetic support from close family members is essential to sustain patient motivation throughout their recovery journey.

Factors Associated with Students’ Mental Health in Vocational Schools

Marisa Marisa — 2026-04-16

Introduction: Mental health is a condition where a person is able to realize their own abilities, can cope with normal life pressures, can work productively and can contribute to their environment. Adolescence is a dynamic transition from childhood to adulthood, during which changes and challenges occur. These changes include physical, mental, social, and emotional changes.

Conclusion: Suggestions in this study are expected to make School Health Effort activities a step in monitoring health and anticipating early detection of the risk of poor mental health.

Factors Affecting the Success of Exclusive Breastfeeding among Working Mothers

Melan Saputra — 2026-04-16

Introduction: The target of national exclusive breastfeeding coverage is 80%. For three consecutive years, the Payung Village Health Center has an exclusive breastfeeding coverage rate of 48.19% in 2022, 56.31% in 2023 and 62% in 2024. Exclusive breastfeeding provides many benefits for the mother and baby if it isstimulated, but it also provides a negative impact if exclusive breastfeeding is not stimulated in the baby.

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to find out the factors that affect the success of Exclusive Breastfeeding in the Working Area of the Payung Village Health Center in 2025.

Method: This study uses a Cross Sectional design. The population is working mothers who have 114 babies aged 6-24 months with a sample of 60 people. The sampling technique uses probability sampling with a simple random sampling type. The data analysis uses the chi square test.

Result: The results of the study on working mothers who gave exclusive breastfeeding showed (68.9%) with good knowledge, (82.4%) good husband support, (78.1%) good work support. The results of the statistical test found that there was a meaningful relationship between knowledge (ρ0.001), education (ρ0.014), (husband support (ρ0.001), workplace support (ρ0.002) and the success of exclusive breastfeeding.

Conclusion: There was a meaningful relationship between the variables of knowledge, education, husband support and workplace support with the success of exclusive breastfeeding. It is hoped that Health Institutions will be used as input and intervention materials in increasing the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding.

Factors Related to Psychological Distress among Primary Family Caregivers of Patients with Schizophrenia

Yulyani Yulyani — 2026-04-16

Objective: Mental health is a condition in which a person is cognitively, affectively, physiologically, behaviorally and socially healthy so that they are able to fulfill their responsibilities, function effectively in their environment and are satisfied with their role as individuals and in interpersonal relationships. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between social support, length of care and education on Psychological Distress in Primary Family Caregivers of schizophrenia patients at the Mental Health Polyclinic of Junjung Besaoh Hospital, South Bangka Regency in 2025.

Method: The design in this study used cross-sectional with independent variables (social support, length of care and education) and dependent variables (Psychological Distress of Primary Family Caregivers). The population size in this study was 134 people and a sample of 63 people calculated using simple random sampling. The time of the study was May 14, 2025. Result: The results of the study using the Chi Square statistical test obtained a p-value for the social support variable of 0.000 <0.05, length of care 0.000 <0.000 and education 0.000 <0.05. This shows that there is a significant relationship between social support, length of care and education on Psychological Distress in Primary Family Caregivers of schizophrenia patients at the Mental Health Polyclinic of Junjung Besaoh Hospital, South Bangka Regency in 2025. Conclusion: Suggestions in this study are expected to be used as a source of reference and provide ideas for nursing students when practicing in the field so that students know the factors that can influence psychological distress, especially in primary family caregivers of schizophrenia clients.

Active Range of Motion Exercises and Muscle Strength in Post-Stroke Patients: A Study at Ketapang Health Center

Tri Yayan Anugrah — 2026-04-16

Introduction: Stroke is a condition that occurs when the blood supply to the brain is disrupted or reduced due to a blockage (ischemic stroke) or rupture of a blood vessel (hemorrhagic stroke). Without blood supply, the brain will not receive oxygen and nutrients, causing cells in some areas of the brain to die. This condition causes the body parts controlled by the damaged brain area to not function properly.

Objective: The effect of active ROM on muscle strength of stroke patients in the working area of Ketapang Health Center, Ketapang District, South Lampung Regency in 2025.

Method: This type of research is quantitative research. The research design used in this study is a Two-group design. This research was conducted in January 2025 in the working area of the Ketapang Health Center, South Lampung Regency. The population in this study was 19 people. The sample in this study was 18 people who were divided into 2 groups, namely 9 people in the Active ROM group and 9 people in the passive ROM group.

Result: The results of the study showed that there was an increase in muscle strength values in respondents who were given active ROM actions, namely 0.56 points. Meanwhile, respondents who were not given ROM treatment experienced a decrease in muscle strength by 0.11 points. The results of the statistical test obtained a ρ value of 0.041, <0.05.

Conclusion: There is an effect of active ROM on muscle strength in stroke patients in the Ketapang Health Center work area, Ketapang District, South Lampung Regency in 2025.

The The Relationship Between Nurses’ Caring Attitudes and Anxiety Levels Among Patients’ Families in Intensive Care Units

Fadila Nurlita Septiani — 2026-04-16

Introduction: Families of critically ill patients in intensive care units often experience anxiety due to uncertain prognosis and unfamiliar medical environments. Nurses' caring behaviors play a crucial role in reducing family anxiety, but empirical evidence in Indonesian regional hospitals is limited.

Objective: This study aimed to identify the relationship between nurses' caring attitudes and family anxiety levels in the intensive care unit of a regional general hospital.

Method: A cross-sectional correlational study was conducted with 65 family members of ICU and NICU patients selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected using the Caring Behavior Inventory (CBI-24) and the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS), analyzed using Spearman's rank correlation.

Result: The majority of nurses demonstrated good caring attitudes (73.8%), with the highest professional knowledge (83.1%) and the lowest respect (64.6%). Family anxiety was mostly mild (44.6%) or absent (38.5%), with only 3.1% experiencing severe anxiety. Spearman analysis revealed a significant negative correlation (r=-0.352; p=0.004), indicating that higher caring attitudes were associated with lower family anxiety.

Conclusion: There is a significant negative relationship between nurses' caring attitudes and family anxiety in intensive care settings. These findings support the implementation of standardized care protocols, therapeutic communication training, and a family-centered care approach to optimize nursing quality in regional hospitals in Indonesia.

The Relationship Between Managerial Support and Nurse Burnout

Fadila Nurlita Septiani — 2026-04-18

Introduction: Burnout among nurses remains a major challenge in healthcare systems worldwide, particularly in inpatient settings with high workload demands such as surgical wards. Managerial support plays an important role in shaping the work environment, including the provision of adequate facilities that enable nurses to perform their duties effectively. Insufficient facilities may increase work strain and contribute to burnout.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the relationship between managerial support in facility provision and burnout among nurses working in surgical inpatient wards.

Method: A quantitative correlational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted among nurses in surgical inpatient wards at a public hospital. Total sampling was applied, involving 33 nurses who met the inclusion criteria. Data were collected using a managerial support in facility provision questionnaire and the Maslach Burnout Inventory. The instruments demonstrated acceptable validity and reliability. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Spearman correlation analysis.

Result: The findings showed that most nurses perceived managerial support in facility provision at moderate to high levels, while burnout levels among nurses were predominantly moderate to high. Spearman correlation analysis indicated that there was no significant relationship between managerial support in facility provision and burnout (p > 0.05).

Conclusion: Managerial support in providing adequate facilities is significantly associated with burnout among nurses in surgical inpatient wards. Enhancing managerial support for facility provision may contribute to reduced burnout and improved nurse well-being and performance.

The Relationship Between Parenting Styles and Bullying Among Adolescents

Andri Nurmansyah — 2026-04-16

Introduction: The Indonesian Teachers’ Union Federation (FSGI) recorded 23 cases of bullying in educational institutions between January and September 2023. The highest incidence was found at the junior high school (SMP) level, accounting for 50% of cases, followed by elementary school (SD) with 13.5%, senior high school (SMA) with 13.5%, and vocational high school (SMK) with 13.5%. The major contributing factors to bullying among school-aged children include parenting styles, peer influence, and school environment.

Method: A quantitative research design with a cross-sectional approach was employed. The study population consisted of 1,021 students, from which a sample of 91 students was selected using simple random sampling. Data collection was conducted through questionnaires: parenting styles were measured using the Parenting Style and Dimensions Questionnaire (PSDQ), while bullying incidents were assessed using the Adolescent Peer Relations Instrument. Univariate analysis was performed using frequency distribution, and bivariate analysis was conducted using the Chi-Square test.

Result: The findings revealed a significant relationship between parenting styles and bullying incidents (p = 0.000). Bullying among adolescents in schools was influenced by parental upbringing. Parenting styles play a crucial role in shaping children’s personality and behaviour. Adolescents raised under authoritarian parenting styles were found to be at greater risk of becoming perpetrators of bullying, as they tend to replicate daily family interactions in their social environment.

Conclusion: This study concludes that parenting styles significantly influence the occurrence of bullying among adolescents. Authoritarian parenting increases the likelihood of adolescents engaging in bullying behavior. Future research is recommended to further investigate the impact of authoritarian and permissive parenting styles on bullying incidents.

Determinants of Hypertension among Adults in Coastal Communities: A Cross-Sectional Study at Benteng Primary Health Center

Muhamad Nizam — 2026-04-16

Objective: Hypertension is a medical condition that can potentially increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, kidney disorders, and various other health problems. This condition often occurs without obvious symptoms, so many sufferers are unaware they have it. This study aims to determine the factors associated with the incidence of hypertension in the coastal areas of the Benteng Public Health Center in 2025.

Method: This study used a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design. The population in this study were hypertensive patients in the Benteng Public Health Center working area. The sample size was 66 individuals using purposive sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire on the frequency of coffee consumption, seafood consumption, smoking, and sodium consumption. Data analysis was performed using the chi-square test with α < 0.05.

Result: The results showed a relationship between gender and the incidence of hypertension (0.042 < 0.05). Meanwhile, coffee consumption (0.619 > 0.05), seafood consumption (0.723 > 0.05), smoking (0.240 > 0.05), and sodium consumption (0.733 > 0.05) were not associated with the incidence of hypertension. The conclusion of this study is that there is a relationship between gender and the incidence of hypertension in the Benteng Community Health Center work area. Meanwhile, coffee consumption, seafood consumption, smoking, and sodium consumption were not associated with hypertension incidence in the Benteng Community Health Center Work Area in 2025

Conclusion: This study recommends that the results can be used as literature or a reference, highlighting the need for hypertension prevention efforts that focus more on controlling related risk factors through healthy lifestyle education and routine blood pressure monitoring, supported by further research with more comprehensive methods and variables

Factors Associated with Pneumonia among Children at Namang Primary Health Center

Lia Marluzianty — 2026-04-16

Introduction: Pneumonia remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality among children worldwide, particularly in developing countries, and is strongly associated with preventable risk factors such as inadequate nutrition, incomplete immunization, and lack of exclusive breastfeeding. This study aims to analyze the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding, nutritional status, and immunization status with the incidence of pneumonia among children in the working area of Namang Community Health Center.

Objective: This study aims to analyze the association between exclusive breastfeeding, nutritional status, and immunization status and the incidence of pneumonia among children in the working area of the Namang Community Health Center in 2025.

Method: This study used a cross-sectional design with independent variables (exclusive breastfeeding, nutritional status, and immunization history) and dependent variable (pneumonia incidence in children). The population size in this study was 501 people, and a sample of 91 people was calculated using simple random sampling.

Result: The results of the study using the Chi-Square statistical test obtained a p-value of 0.000 < 0.05 for the exclusive breastfeeding variable, 0.000 < 0.000 for nutritional status, and 0.000 < 0.05 for immunization history. This indicates a significant relationship between exclusive breastfeeding, nutritional status, and immunization history and the incidence of pneumonia in children in the Namang Community Health Center Work Area in 2025.

Conclusion: The recommenddations in this study are expected to serve as a reference source and provide insights for nursing students during their field practice, so that they understand the factors that can influence the incidence of pneumonia in children.

Risk Factors Associated with the Prevalence of Diarrhea among Toddlers in the Catchment Area of Namang Primary Health Center

Febrio Aliansah — 2026-04-16

Objective:Diarrhea in children is a condition in which children experience an increase in the number of bowel movements due to a digestive tract disorder. The stool consistency is watery and liquid (contains a lot of fluid) and usually occurs more than three times in 24 hours. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between nutritional status, diet, and knowledge and the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers in the Namang Community Health Center work area in 20

Method: This study used a cross-sectional design with independent variables (nutritional status, diet, and knowledge) and dependent variable (diarrhea incidence). The population size in this study was 375 people, and a sample of 87 people was calculated using random sampling

Result: The results of the study, using the Chi-Square statistical test, yielded a p-value of 0.000 < 0.05 for nutritional status, 0.000 < 0.05 for dietary patterns, and 0.000 < 0.05 for knowledge. This indicates a significant relationship between nutritional status, dietary patterns, and knowledge and the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers in the Namang Community Health Center work area in 2025.

Conclusion: The recommendations in this study are expected to serve as evaluation material for the importance of support from health workers in the diarrhea treatment process. This should be a focus for health institutions in designing broader work programs that will impact recovery, particularly diarrhea in toddlers

Association between Stress Levels, Sleep Quality, and Menstrual Cycle among Female Adolescents

Mia Audina — 2026-04-16

Objective: Menstruation is bleeding caused by the shedding of the inner lining of the uterus, known as the endometrium. Menstrual bleeding occurs regularly, and the time interval between one menstruation and the next is referred to as one menstrual cycle. Menstrual disorders can be caused by several factors, including stress and sleep quality. The level of stress experienced can affect the length of the menstrual cycle because perceived stress triggers the release of cortisol, a hormone that regulates various body systems. Meanwhile, poor sleep quality can inhibit the production of melatonin, a hormone that also influences the menstrual cycle. This study aimed to determine the relationship between stress level and sleep quality with the menstrual cycle among female adolescents at SMAN 1 Belinyu in 2025.. Method: This study employed a cross-sectional design. The population consisted of 147 female students at SMAN 1 Belinyu, with a sample size of 66 respondents. The research was conducted on November 24, 2025, at SMAN 1 Belinyu. Result: The results of the study using the chi-square test showed that stress level obtained a p-value of 0.000 < α (0.05), and sleep quality also obtained a p-value of 0.000 < α (0.05). These results indicate that there is a significant relationship between stress level and sleep quality with the menstrual cycle among female adolescents at SMAN 1 Belinyu in 2025. Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is that there is a relationship between stress level and sleep quality with the menstrual cycle among female adolescents at SMAN 1 Belinyu in 2025. The recommendation of this study is that it is expected to serve as a reference for schools to collaborate with health centers in providing educational materials on stress management and maintaining good sleep quality in order to prevent irregular menstrual cycles

Factors Associated with Anxiety among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at Depati Bahrin Regional Hospital

Rosida Rosida — 2026-04-16

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic non-communicable disease characterized by persistent hyperglycemia and increasing prevalence worldwide, including in Indonesia. The rising number of cases has led to various physical and psychological complications, with anxiety being a common problem among patients with type 2 diabetes that can affect treatment adherence and quality of life. Preliminary observations at Depati Bahrin Sungailiat Regional Hospital indicated that many patients experienced anxiety related to complications, long-term treatment, and lifestyle changes. Therefore, this study aimed to identify factors associated with anxiety in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Objective: This study aims to determine the association between quality of life, spirituality, and family support and anxiety levels among patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at Depati Bahrin Regional Hospital, Sungailiat, in 2025.

Method: This study used a cross-sectional design. The research was conducted by distributing questionnaires to 73 respondents at Depati Bahrin Regional Hospital, Sungailiat, from November 26 to November 28, 2025. The collected data were then analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis with the chi-square test.

Result: The results of this study show that there is a relationship between quality of life and anxiety (p-value = 0.000 < 0.05), spirituality (p-value = 0.000 < 0.05), and family support (p-value = 0.000 < 0.05) and the incidence of anxiety in Type2 DM patients at Depati Bahrin Regional Hospital, Sungailiat, in 2025.

Conclusion: It is expected that Depati Bahrin Regional Hospital can adopt a holistic approach to the prevention and management of Type 2 DM. The institution needs to provide anxiety management programs that include psychological counseling, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and relaxation activities such as yoga and meditation to help reduce anxiety.

The Relationship Between Family Knowledge, Family Education, and Anxiety Levels Among Family Members of ICU Patients

Okta Vergia — 2026-06-01

Introduction: Family members of critically ill patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) often experience significant anxiety due to uncertainty about the patient’s condition, highlighting the importance of family knowledge and education in reducing psychological distress.

Objective: This study aims to analyze the relationship between family knowledge and education level and the anxiety levels of family members of patients treated in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) at Bakti Timah Pangkalpinang Hospital in 2025.

Method: This quantitative research with a cross-sectional design aims to analyze the relationship between family knowledge and education towards the anxiety level of family members of patients who were treated in the ICU of Bakti Timah Pangkalpinang Hospital in 2025. By using a sample of 61 respondents selected through the Simple Random Sampling technique.

Result: The results of the Chi-Square test showed a significant relationship between family knowledge and anxiety levels (p-value = 0.000; POR = 10.00), where less knowledge is 10 times more at risk of experiencing anxiety. Similarly, a significant relationship was found between family education and anxiety levels (p-value = 0.000; POR = 5.00), indicating that low education increased the risk of anxiety 5 times greater.

Conclusion: The conclusion shows that family knowledge and education are important factors that affect anxiety. Therefore, it is recommended to improve therapeutic communication training for nurses and ensure optimal information provision and psychological support to reduce the patient’s family anxiety level.

The Relationship Between Lifestyle and Stress Levels in Patients with Hypertension

Intan Mawarizki Tambunan — 2026-04-16

Objective: Hypertension is a condition of increased systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and diastolic ≥90 mmHg which is one of the highest causes of death in the world. This condition is influenced by various factors, especially lifestyle and stres levels. This research aims to analyze the relationship between lifestyle and stres levels in hypertensive patients in the work area of the Gerunggang Health Center in 2025. Method: This research uses a quantitative method with a correlational design and a cross-sectional approach. The research population is all hypertension patients who visited the Pangkalpinang City Gerunggang Health Center for treatment in July 2025 as many as 260 people, with a sample of 80 respondents taken using the simple random sampling technique. Research instruments in the form of lifestyle questionnaires and DASS. Data analysis is done using chi-square test and Pearson correlation test. Result: The research results show that the respondents who have a bad lifestyle as many as 60 (75.0%) and 20 (25.0%) have a good lifestyle, with a p-value of 0.031, the stres level obtained a pearson correlation p-value (0.005). Because p-value < α (0.05), it can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between lifestyle and stres level with the incidence of hypertension at the Gerunggang Health Center of Pangkalpinang City in 2025. Conclusion: The conclusion shows that there is a significant relationship between lifestyle and stres levels with the incidence of hypertension. Poor lifestyle and high stres increase the risk of hypertension, so it is necessary to educate a healthy lifestyle, stres management and routine blood pressure checks for prevention

Effect of Crushed Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) Leaves on Oral Health Among Pregnant Women

Adetia Pratama — 2026-05-03

Introduction: Pregnancy is a common event in a woman's life. It is a physiological state accompanied by hormonal changes, which affect not only general health but also dental and oral health. A pre-survey conducted by researchers on October 14, 2025, of five pregnant women revealed that two reported using binahong leaves as a mouthwash in addition to using toothpaste to brush their teeth. Three had never used binahong as a mouthwash.

Objective: The purpose of this study is the effect of boiled binahong leaves (Anredera cardifolia) on maintaining oral health in pregnant women at the Usmalanah Saddam Tanjung Senang Health Center in Bandar Lampung in 2025.

Method: This research was conducted from December 18-24, 2025, at the Usmalanah Saddam Tanjung Senang Health Center in Bandar Lampung. The population consisted of 30 pregnant women. The total sampling method was used, resulting in a total sample of 30 respondents. Data collection used a salivary pH observation sheet. The statistical test used was the dependent t-test.

Result Based on the data analysis, the α value was 0.000. α value <0.05. This means that boiled binahong leaves (Anredera cardifolia) have an effect on maintaining oral health in pregnant women at the Usmalanah Saddam Tanjung Senang Health Center in Bandar Lampung in 2025. Conclusion: Therefore, planting binahong leaves at home is recommended, as they are very beneficial for health, especially in maintaining personal hygiene.

Effect of Suja (Ginger Milk) Consumption on Sleep Quality in Children with Acute Upper Respiratory Tract Infection

Ristiani Wati — 2026-05-03

Introduction : Upper Respiratory Tract Infection (URTI) in children often causes sleep quality disturbances due to coughing and shortness of breath. Persistent sleep disturbances can inhibit the recovery process and reduce immune function. One nonpharmacological therapy that can be used is the consumption of ginger milk, which has calming and anti - inflammatory effects and may improve sleep quality in children with URTI.

Objective: To analyze the effect of suja (ginger milk) consumption on improving sleep quality among children with Upper Respiratory Tract Infection (URTI) in the working area of Kedaton Community Health Center, Bandar Lampung, in 2026.

Method: This study employed a quantitative method with a pre-experimental one-group pre-test, post-test design. The research was conducted in the working area of Kedaton Public Health Center, Bandar Lampung City, in 2026, involving 28 children with URTI. Sleep quality was measured before and after the ginger milk intervention using a sleep quality questionnaire, and the data were analyzed bivariately using a paired samples test.

Result The results showed that prior to the intervention, most respondents had poor sleep quality, while after ginger milk consumption, an improvement in sleep quality was observed. Bivariate analysis indicated a significant effect of ginger milk consumption on the sleep quality of children with URTI, with a p-value of 0.000 < 0.05. Ginger milk can be used as a complementary nonpharmacological therapy in nursing care for children with URTI.

Conclusion: It is recommended that healthcare providers educate parents about the importance of sleep quality in children with URTI and introduce ginger milk as a supportive nonpharmacological therapy.

Effectiveness of the SIGER-U Pocket Book (Seru Toothbrush) in Improving Toothbrushing Skills Among Kindergarten Children

Tarina Tarina — 2026-05-03

Objective: Dental and oral health problems in preschool-aged children still occur frequently, one of which is caused by poor teeth brushing skills. Preschool-aged children are not yet able to maintain oral hygiene independently, so they are at risk of experiencing dental caries. Promotive and preventive efforts are needed through health education using media that suits the characteristics of children. The Siger-U Pocket Book (Fun Toothbrush) is a dental health education medium that is prepared in a simple, visual and interesting way to help children understand and practice the correct way to brush their teeth. This study aims to determine the effect of using the Siger-U Pocket Book (Fun Toothbrush) on improving toothbrushing skills in Citra Melati Kedaton Kindergarten children in Bandar Lampung.

Method: This research uses quantitative methods with a pre-experimental design using a one group pretest–posttest design. The research was carried out from 13 December 2025 to 05 January 2026 at Citra Melati Kindergarten in Bandar Lampung. The research population was all 38 Citra Melati Kindergarten children, with a sample of 38 children using a total sampling technique. The research instrument is a toothbrushing skill observation sheet with eight assessment steps. Data analysis was carried out using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test after carrying out the Shapiro–Wilk normality test with a significance level of 5%.

Result The results of the study showed that there was an increase in children's tooth brushing skills after being given the Siger-U Pocket Book intervention. The Wilcoxon test results show a p-value of 0.000 (p ≤ 0.05), which means that there is a significant effect of using the Siger-U Pocket Book on improving teeth brushing skills. Conclusion: The conclusion of this research is that the Siger-U Pocket Book has a significant effect on improving the toothbrushing skills of preschool children. It is recommended that the Siger-U Pocket Book be used as a medium for dental health education in kindergartens and in dental and oral health promotion activities.

Evaluating Nutritional Standards and Fiscal Sustainability in Free School Meal Programs

Naufal Faryreza Ryanta — 2026-05-03

Introduction: Childhood obesity is a global health emergency that threatens the quality of Indonesia's human resources. Indonesian Health Survey (IHS) recorded an increase in adult obesity prevalence from 23.4% to 21.8% in 2018. National indicators estimate that approximately 18.8% of children aged 5-12 years are overweight and 10.8% are obese.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the impact of Ultra-Processed Foods (UPF) on the Makan Bergizi Gratis (MBG) program through an integration of public health, nursing, Islamic psychology, and accounting perspectives.

Method: The method used was a narrative literature review with an electronic literature search in Google Scholar, PubMed, SINTA, and ScienceDirect databases for the 2019–2026 period.

Result: The results show that UPF triggers biological sabotage through insulin resistance and disruption of the leptin-ghrelin hormone. Psychoneurobiologically, the hyperpalatable nature of UPF hijacks the brain's reward system, triggering food addiction. Implementation analysis revealed a fatal food safety gap that resulted in 5,620 student food poisoning and a crisis of public trust due to low dietetic standards in the field. From an accounting perspective, the use of UPF constitutes a "pseudo-efficiency" that creates contingent liabilities in the form of inflated future health costs.

Conclusion: The study's conclusion emphasizes that the success of MBG should be measured by the integration of nutritional audits and the use of fresh local ingredients to break dependence on industrial food and ensure sustainable investment in human resources.

Effect of Ankle Range of Motion Exercises Combined with Warm Water Foot Soaking on Ankle–Brachial Index in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Putu Septa Ayu Diana — 2026-05-03

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus has attracted global attention due to the increasing prevalence of cases and the potential complications it can cause, such as microangiopathy and macroangiopathy. One non-pharmacological intervention that can be applied to improve peripheral circulation is the combination of ankle range of motion (ROM) exercises and warm water foot soaking.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of the combined ankle ROM exercises and warm water foot soaking on Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) values in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at Kedaton Public Health Center, Bandar Lampung, in 2025.

Method: This study employed a quantitative approach with a pre-experimental design using a one-group pretest and posttest without control. A total of 30 respondents were selected using purposive sampling techniques. Data analysis included descriptive statistical analysis, a normality test using Shapiro Wilk, and a non-parametric test using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test.

Result The results showed that the mean ABI value before the intervention was 0.0093 ± 0.04265, while after the intervention the mean ABI value improved to 0.0012 ± 0.03038. The Wilcoxon test revealed a p-value of 0.025, indicating a statistically significant difference between ABI values before and after the intervention.

Conclusion: It can be concluded that the combination of ankle range of motion (ROM) exercises and warm water foot soaking has a significant effect on improving ABI values in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, and therefore can be applied as a non-pharmacological nursing intervention to enhance peripheral blood circulation.

Effect of Structured Diabetic Foot Exercise on Ankle–Brachial Index and Foot Sensitivity in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Intan Desi Tri Lestari — 2026-05-03

Objective: Type II Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease with an increasing incidence each year and can lead to complications such as neuropathy and peripheral circulatory disorders in the lower extremities. Structured diabetic foot exercise is a non-pharmacological intervention that has the potential to improve foot perfusion and sensitivity. This study aimed to determine the effect of structured diabetic foot exercise on the Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) values and foot sensitivity in patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus at Kedaton Public Health Center.

Method: This research employed a quantitative method with a pre-experimental design using a one-group pretest–posttest approach. The study population consisted of patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus without diabetic ulcers. A total of 30 respondents were selected using purposive sampling. Data analysis included descriptive analysis and the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test with a significance level of 95% (p-value < 0.05).

Result The results showed that before the intervention, 14 respondents (46.7%) had normal ABI values (>1.0) and 14 respondents (46.7%) were in the borderline category (0.6–0.8). Most respondents (66.7%) had neuropathy (>3 points) in the pretest foot sensitivity assessment. After the intervention, 27 respondents (90.0%) had normal ABI values (>1.0), and 21 respondents (70.0%) were categorized as non-neuropathy (>7 points) in the posttest assessment. The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test revealed p-values of <0.002 and <0.000. It can be concluded that structured diabetic foot exercise significantly affects ABI values and foot sensitivity in patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus at Kedaton Public Health Center in 2025.

Conclusion: Structured diabetic foot exercise can be recommended as an alternative intervention to improve ABI values and foot sensitivity in diabetic patients.

Effect of Warm and Cold Compress Applications on Joint Pain Scale in Elderly Patients with Rheumatism

Auliya Aisyaturrodliyah — 2026-05-03

Introduction : Rheumatism is a degenerative disease commonly experienced by the elderly and is characterized by chronic joint pain that can interfere with daily activities. Pain in rheumatism sufferers often fluctuates, necessitating simple, safe, and effective non-pharmacological interventions to help reduce pain levels. Warm and cold compresses are simple therapies frequently used in nursing practice to reduce pain and improve patient comfort. However, the effectiveness of these two methods in reducing pain levels still requires scientific proof

Objective:. It is known that there is a difference between warm compresses and cold compresses on the scale of joint pain in elderly rheumatism sufferers at the UPTD of the Tresna Werdha Natar Elderly Social Home, South Lampung, Lampung Province in 2025.

Method: This study used a quasi-experimental design with a two-group pretest-posttest approach. The study sample consisted of elderly patients with rheumatism, divided into two groups: a warm compress group and a cold compress group. Pain scale measurements were conducted before and after the intervention using a Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). Data analysis was performed using nonparametric tests, namely the Wilcoxon test to determine differences before and after the intervention, and the Mann-Whitney test to compare differences between the two groups.

Result The results of the study showed that both warm and cold compresses were effective in reducing pain scales in elderly rheumatic patients with a mean value of 1.27 ± 0.704 for warm compresses. The mean value for cold compresses was 1.60 ± 0.632. There was a decrease in the average pain scale after the intervention in both groups. However, the Mann-Whitney test results showed no significant difference between the two interventions with a p-value of 0.058.

Conclusion: Therefore, both can be recommended as non-pharmacological therapies in the management of rheumatic pain in the elderly

Impact of Citrus aurantium Juice Consumption on Gestational Hypertension in Pregnant Women

Resmi Ayu Wandira — 2026-06-30

Objective: The Maternal Perinatal Death Rate (MMR) in Indonesia in 2023 is 4,129, based on data from the Maternal Perinatal Death Notification (MPDN). The objective was to determine the effect of consumption of sweet orange juice (Citrus aurantium) on the reduction of blood pressure (gestational hypertension) in pregnancy in the Working Area of the Campang Raya Health Center, Bandar Lampung in 2024. Method: Research on the type of quantitative research. The research was conducted from January to February 2025 for 1 week in the working area of the Campang Raya Health Center in Bandar Lampung. Pre-Experimental design with pretest posttest with one group design Total population of 34 pregnant women with gestational hypertension, sample of 31 respondents. Puposive sample technique. Result: The average blood pressure before consumption of sweet orange juice (Citrus aurantium) was 146.13, SD 3.085. Meanwhile, diastolic blood pressure means 103.71, SD 8.848. The average blood pressure after 121.61, SD 7.460. Diastolic blood pressure means 89.52, SD 6.995. The t-test obtained a p value of 0.000< α (0.05) meaning that Ha was accepted, which means that there is an effect of consumption of sweet orange juice (Citrus aurantium) on the reduction of blood pressure (gestational hypertension) in pregnancy in the Working Area of the Campang Raya Health Center Bandar Lampung in 2024. Conclusion: By conducting this study, it can help pregnant women with gestational hypertension problems by consuming sweet oranges regularly can help lower blood pressure in pregnant women and reduce the risk of complications.